The intrauterine device or IUD has been in use for decades. Doctors have wondered whether women who used IUDs for contraception were at greater risk for cervical cancer. A large epidemiological study from Europe suggests that instead, IUD users have a lower risk of cervical cancer. Although this form of contraception does not prevent infection with Human Papilloma Virus or HPV, it may stimulate the immune system to protect tissue from cancerous lesions.